When governments deny their people the right to trade, they simply encourage and perpetuate corruption. And the price of corruption is paid by those who can least afford it: poor consumers. For them, corruption increases the cost of living and makes their lives nothing short of miserable. Free trade is an effective tool against corruption, as it does not require goods to bribe their way into markets. Moreover, free markets improve industrial efficiency. Larger markets allow businesses to take advantage of economies of scale. Competition among producers forces uncompetitive industries and businesses to close up shop or change their operations to produce a better product. This is a great boon to consumers, who have access to high-quality goods at low prices. All of these measures will increase economic growth, thereby attracting both local and foreign investors.

When the world turns its attention to Africa, its focus is always on poverty. Africa's leaders need to recognize that free trade is the only way truly to empower impoverished Africans. Eliminating tariffs, quotas, and other policies that currently frustrate trade does not involve financial commitments or help from foreign governments: All that is required is for African leaders to give up their protection of local political interests.

As the world moves toward greater economic integration, Africa must not be found wanting. Many African countries joined the WTO in the name of liberalizing trade and promoting economic growth -- and preventing a return to the era of trade barriers, economic nationalism, protectionism, and the myriad other measures that check the entrepreneurial spirit. African governments must now give the people of Africa the freedom to trade with one another. Until they are ready to do this, their continent will fall further and further behind the rest of the world.

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